We then turn our attention to predicting PAR irradiance on individual leaves, FL, from radiative-transfer models that typically estimate radiant flux densities (or angularly resolved radiances) at given spatial locations or only as lateral averages over sunflecks and shaded areas. For the moment, we may ignore the phenomena of temperature dependence of photosynthesis (in which total radiative energy balance plays a key role) and of transient responses in photosynthesis. In order to estimate canopy photosynthesis, P can, one must predict PAR irradiances on all the inclined leaf surfaces and one must have a model for responses of individual leaves to irradiance. The photosynthetic rate of a leaf or a canopy is determined largely by radiation, particularly photosynthetically active radiation, PAR, comprising the 400 to 700 nm band.
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